Monday, September 30, 2019

Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Equip Essay

This is to certify that we interviewed Mr. Ruel Lopez of MVERT (Morong Volunteer Emergency Response Team), as our expert for our Science Investigatory Project. November 13, 2012 This is to certify that we interviewed Mr. Jojo Tamayo of Jamta Wireless Solutions, 04 Cmdr Raymundo St., Morong, Rizal, as our expert for our Science Investigatory Project. Solar Powered Wireless Equipment for Multi-Purpose Disaster Risk Reduction Questions for Mr. Ruel Lopez of MVERT (Morong Volunteer Emergency Response Team): 1. How to make our project waterproof? Answer: Put the project on a High place or secure it with a glass case 2. What are we going to do to improve our project? Answer: Secure the transmitter in a glass case, the alarm sound will be centralized, Transmitter should have back-up, and receiver should be kept in a building. Every room in the school must hear the alarm/the alarm should be centralized. Recess alarm and emergency alarm must be different. 3. What are the effects if we put a Solar Panel to our Project? Answer: There are positive and negative effects. First, the positive effects are we can use it in daytime and it has a stored energy. Negative effects are we can’t use it in night time because there is no sunlight and there is a possibility that the battery won’t last until night time.

Sunday, September 29, 2019

America & Globalization Essay

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to explore the idea that American corporations are working with international companies to help boost the economy. The paper focuses on the use of globalization as a primary tool towards accomplishing that goal. The paper also provides the reader with views from both supporters of globalization and opponents as well. The articles used for this paper give very interesting facts as well as views on both sides of the socio-economic table. In U.S Liberal Politics author Deborah White’s article â€Å"Pros and Cons of Free Trade† she discuses globalization in relation to free trade agreements and provides both pros and cons as well as a generalized definition of free trade. Meanwhile, Gary Hufbauer provides a more supporting article on Globalization supplied with studies and debates. As for Chris Isidore’s article, it focuses generally on the recessions from past to present and what trends are different and remain the same when it deals with the progression of the economy. Lastly, Wikipedia’s definition of †Globalization† lays out in detail the history, timeline, business applications, and etc. about the economic reference. In like manner, this paper examines the overall analysis of globalization and how it relates to boosting the economy. America & Globalization One of the biggest topics today in America’s current events is the U.S. economy and the need for an economical boost. The U.S. declared the latest recession the biggest since the Great Depression. According to Chris Isidore (2010, p.1), â€Å"The Great Recession started in December 2007 and ended June 2009†. However, this information does nothing for the many Americans out of work, over-debt in their mortgage, and uncertain about their financial future. Nevertheless, seemingly, the American corporations have worked hard to try to find ways to help fellow Americans and boost the economy back to its median. One of the ways big corporations think will help is the use of Globalization. According to Wikipedia (2012, p.1) by definition, â€Å"Globalization refers to the increasingly global relationships of culture, people, and economic activity. It is generally used to refer to economic globalization: the global distribution of the production of goods and services, through reduction of barriers to international trade such as tariffs, export fees, and import quotas†. Comparatively, the United Nations Economic and Social Commission have also written that globalization â€Å"is a widely-used term that can be defined in a number of different ways. When used in an economic context, it refers to the reduction and removal of barriers between national borders in order to facilitate the flow of goods, capital, and services and labor†¦Ã¢â‚¬  In contrast, there are just as many people opposed to this idea as those whom support it. Deborah White writes (p.1), â€Å"One angry complaint is that more than three million U.S. jobs with middle-class wages have been outsourced to foreign countries since 1994.† It seems that the biggest obstacle is convincing the middle class that globalization is in fact, a good idea for the economy. Those same opponents believe that free trade has caused more U.S. jobs losses than gains, especially for higher-wage jobs. They also feel that many free trade agreements are bad deals for the U.S. Nevertheless, American corporations in conjunction with government officials are both working with other international companies to help boost our economy. To begin with, American corporations like the idea of boosting the economy through the use of globalization. Henceforth, with treaties like NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) and organizations like NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) America has been at the forefront of the campaign for the removal of barriers between national borders in order to facilitate the flow of goods, capital, services and labor. Moreover, as White writes (2012, p.2), â€Å"The purpose of free trade agreements is to allow faster and more business between the two countries/areas, which should benefit both.† Statistics show that globalization does help boost the economy. Gary Clyde Hufbauer writes in his article, â€Å"The Peterson Institute calculates that the US economy is approximately $1 trillion richer each year owing to past globalization—the payoff both from technological innovation and from policy liberalization—and could gain another $500 billion annually from futur e liberalization†. These are the numbers that motivate American Corporations. In addition, globalization helps increase sales and profits for U.S. businesses, which ultimately boost the economy. What the middle class does not understand is that globalizations tactics such free trade help create more jobs within the middle class sector for the long term. White also adds (2012, p.2), â€Å"Removal of costly and delaying trade barriers, such as tariffs, quotas and conditions, inherently leads to easier and swifter trade of consumer goods. The result is an increased volume of U.S. sales.† Globalization also helps to develop and strengthen the economy of the poorest countries as well. Some of the biggest benefits of poor countries through tactics like free trade are creating more industrialized nations and increasing the purchase of their natural resources and/or labor services. Condescendingly, there are just as many opponents to globalization and free trade as there are supporters. Many of those that oppose consists of middle class Americans and the congressman they elect. The biggest problem is a fear of the unknown. Middle class Americans don’t want to wait for the â€Å"long-term†. They want to continue to have the same security of employment as they’ve always had, which is understandable. Nevertheless, they also feel free trade agreements cause a loss in higher paying jobs. This is the basis or platform for the argument of the â€Å"War on the Middle Class†. The argument of free trade and globalization, although provides a soaring boost in corporate profits, individual wages stagnate. This leaves no room for the middle-class to advance. As White explains (2012, p.2), â€Å"While corporate profits soar, individual wages stagnate, held at least partly in check by the brave new fact of offshoring — that millions of Americans’ jobs can be performed at a fraction of the cost in developing nations near and far.† All things considered, the determination of whether globalization is good for the economy will continue to be a debatable issue amongst those of different socio-economic groups. Nevertheless, there is no doubt that globalization has its pros and cons. The ultimate goal and mindset of American Corporations behind implementing globalization is to work with international companies in an effort to boost the economy. Famous investor Warren Buffet once said, â€Å"Someone’s sitting in the shade today because someone planted a tree a long time ago.’ Whether that shade tree is globalization, who knows? The ultimate goal is creating jobs and getting the economy back on course. References Deborah White. (2012) US Liberal Politics Pros and Cons of Free Trade Agreement. Retrieved from http://usliberals.about.com/od/theeconomyjobs/i/FreeTradeAgmts.htm Chris Isidore. (September 2010) Economy Recession officially ended in June 2009. Retrieved from http://money.cnn.com/2010/09/20/news/economy/recession_over/index.htm Gary Hufbauer. (May 2008) Answering the Critics: Why Large American Gains from Globalization Are Plausible. Retrieved from http://www.iie.com/publications/papers/paper.cfm?ResearchID=929 Wikipedia. (March 2012) Globalization Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalization

Saturday, September 28, 2019

Public administration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Public administration - Essay Example losed down model initiates order and security, therefore it can be said that all such organizations that spring up to nonconventional activities should go through rigorous approval processes and should comply with all the legal norms. Also, the responsible authorities should keep vigil over all the activities that take place in such organizations. In that way, the unfortunate deaths of two men and hospitalisation of other ten could have been avoided. The open model presumes that the discipline should not be imposed from top and this model advocates the self actualisation needs of the people. Referring to the concerned newspaper report, it might be presumed that the experiment by the doctor with drugs was more of an open model system but the fact remains that it also led to untimely death of people. As per the closed model, public organizations are viewed higher in importance than any other organization. It presumes that the society should be directed by public organizations. But the open model presumes that all the organizations are same as the objectives of society and the non-public organizations can not be very different. The newspaper report suggests that the people have very sarcastic view towards the organization of a nursing home. The organizational knowledge of a nursing home make people feel that one is bound to stay at the hospital and once one stays at hospital for more than a longer period like six or more months, it is almost certain that the person can not leave the hospital for ever. It can also be inferred that the organizational worth of any nursing home is minimum and one stays at nursing home only if he is compelled. The decision making in organizations have changed rapidly. Considering the decision making ability of Medicaid, it can be said that the organization has institutional bias for nursing homes for the poor and the needy. But off-late the same organization helped out lot many people out of the nursing homes to their respective homes

Friday, September 27, 2019

John M. Keynes Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

John M. Keynes - Research Paper Example To Keynes, the nineteenth-century classical economics was inherently inadequate not only in eliminating national unemployment for those qualified and able to work at the prevailing wage rates, but they were also inefficient in distributing the national cake, thus creating unnecessarily the poor and uncivilized middle class (Keynes, 1963). Accordingly, he [Keynes] modeled a theoretical alternative framework, allowing governmental intervention to eliminate the faults of an economic system as they arise (Harrod, 1951). Indeed as it is, Keynes ended up with a powerful model, whose application is currently underway in sorting wide ranging practical human distress under the existing economic systems, right from the United States, a world economic leader struggling with massive deficits in the aftermath of a deadly crisis, to smaller, poor nations in the developing world. In his General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money (basically the heart of Keynesian economics), Keynes directed hi s energies in challenging the classical orthodoxy with an explicit analysis of what determines and what is the essential nature of effective demand within any economic system. With the exception of foreign trade, effective demand, according to Keynes, consists of three expenditure streams: household consumptions, investments, and government overheads, all of which are determined autonomously (Davidson, 2007). A realist with a strong distaste for the Panglossian philosophy, Keynes argued that the level of aggregate demand may well outstrip or fall way below the national physical production capacity. As such, the philosophy of automatic adjustment to produce at a level tending to the full employment of all available productive resource was a flawed economic assumption that might not be realized after all, for ‘In the long-run we are all dead', a fundamental theoretical shocker to the traditional economic optimism regardless of the circumstances, however strenuous (Davidson, 2007 , p. 15). In his own words, Keynes notes that: The optimism of traditional economics, which looks at economists as Candides, who, even though left critical analysis for other duties [cultivation their gardens], still teach â€Å"all is for the best in the best of all possible worlds† provides us with a false hope. For sure, there would be a natural tendency towards the full employment in a Society which was functioning in the manner of the classical postulates. It may be that they [the classical theorists] provided a representation of how we would want our Economy to behave. Nonetheless, assuming the Economy operates so only means assuming national difficulties. (1936, pp. 33–4) Nothing could be further from the truth; whether in the traditional or modern times, governments are voted in to decisively tackle the existing social deficiencies. With arguments that went against the old Say’s law supply creating demand, Keynes maintained that a government has the poss ibilities of stimulating the economy by increasing the aggregate demand, thereby arousing the existing firms to respond by utilizing the available unemployed

Thursday, September 26, 2019

'At the end of the day, competition is the only thing that motivates - Essay

'At the end of the day, competition is the only thing that motivates - the theories revisited' - Essay Example The responsibility of a manager lies in lifting employees from on level to the next one. The approval of primary or the basic needs does not create contentment; the denial of which however unleashes new phase of discontent. At this time the secondary requirements begin to take the control. Physiological needs are the basic needs which a human being requires for his or her survival. This is the most powerful of all needs. This group includes need for oxygen, food, drink, protection from extreme temperature etc. In an organizational context the basic needs of an employee is represented by his concern for remuneration and fundamental working conditions. It is the responsibility of a manager to ensure the fulfillment of basic needs of the employees, so that the latter can strive to attain the next level in hierarchy. Once the primary needs are satisfied, safety needs arise as motivators. This set of needs correlate to factors like job security, safe working environment, salary increment etc. Managerial practices to ensure employees’ safety needs include insurance, pension scheme, provident fund, secured work conditions and many more. The needs for the sense of belonging and love comprise the third phase in the pyramid of needs. This type of needs manifests itself i n the craving for compatible task group, acceptance from the peers, professional friendship and more on. Effective supervision with friendly behavior pays off. In an organizational environment self esteem comes from job title, challenging work, responsibility, and recognition from peers and supervisors. Self actualization is associated with the desire for excellence and scope for innovation in the job place. This theory has been highly appreciated for providing an effective tool to the managers in motivating their subordinates to strive towards excellence and innovation (Learning Southwest, n.d). The dual factor theory was based on the survey conducted on approximately

Wednesday, September 25, 2019

New Product Development Process Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

New Product Development Process - Coursework Example Organic food restaurant mission is to promote healthy eating. Customers are increasingly interested in pesticide free foods and other chemicals that may be risky to one’s health (Knudson, 2007). Organic produce includes; vegetable soup, fruit juice, smoothies, etc. The juices are of different sources (apple, pineapple, guavas, and mangoes). The juices and soup are packed in 200ml ‘squeeze’ plastic containers with a sucking straw inserted at the top; the ‘squeeze’ plastic container is standard but the top rid is oval in shape, they are crystal clear for easy color and type recognition for the consumer. The mix of organic products, the atmosphere and the environment make the organic food restaurant stand out among competitors. The ideas for the functional food designs are sourced from; market specialists, food scientists, nutritionists and gastronomists (Smith and Charter). Chefs also play a role in the formulation and utilization of new technology to c ontrol the appearance of the final product. They outline consumer needs and develop new ideas to design products that meet consumer expectations. In comparison to other food products, organic products contain more dry matter on pound to pound basis and high nutrient content level. Research shows that organic foods and products may contain high protein content and increased concentration of antioxidants (Godsey, 2010). The juices, smoothies and vegetable soup are freshly prepared for the customer thus meets personal dietary needs and preference. Major competitors for the products would be line restaurants who sell in almost ready state and retail chains who sell raw products for the consumers to develop products according to taste and preference. However, a new business model concept of food trucks is upcoming; it targets busy consumers and leisure walk consumers. The weakness of these products is that they may be quite expensive compared to conventional foods due to the

Tuesday, September 24, 2019

Low Carbon Building - Proposed_layout_of_New_Community_Centre_Hong Essay

Low Carbon Building - Proposed_layout_of_New_Community_Centre_Hong Kong - Essay Example ctional and structural design for the various alternative energy sources available for the operation(s), demonstrate the workability and economics of the energy source(s) described and Recommend the appropriate energy source(s) to be used for the various operation(s). Light transfer between highly glazed internal spaces such as atria or light wellswhere these features are found Energy Assessors can expect the need to pay moreattention to manipulating input dataand recording any assumptions made and their justification Regulation requires that new buildings must achieve or better this target. The TER is based on the performance of theNotionalbuilding and the following procedure must be followed in order to establish the TER. The procedure converts calculated building loads intoenergy (and hence CO2emissions) using seasonal efficiency parameters The following adjustments must be made, If the calculated value is greater than 0.22W/m ²K, the value of 0.22W/m ²K must be used in the Notional building. If the calculated value is less than 0.22W/m ²K with no added insulation, this lower value must be used in the Notionalbuilding The calculation procedure must always control the space temperature to the set-point defined for the relevant activity area in the NCM database, irrespective of the control temperature prevailing in the building as it operates in practice. The control set point will only vary according to the level of servicing provided. Using the table of the 2010 notional building data, the range of values, the CO2 improvement can be carried out by reduce carbon emissions and atmospheric pollution by encouraging local energy generation from renewable sources to supply much better tolerable ratio of the energy

Monday, September 23, 2019

Intelligence Failure and Politicization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Intelligence Failure and Politicization - Essay Example Intelligence failure in the US context is defined by Stephen Marrin as something that has a negative impact on the country’s national security as well as an unpredicted international incident that previously escaped intelligence gathering and came about as a surprise to the international community. An example of this, according to Marrin is the India nuclear weapon test. As can be gleaned, the concept of surprise is allied to the concept of intelligence failure because surprise can only occur as a result of the latter (2004 p. 657). Robert Gates, former CIA head, defined politicization in the context of intelligence operations as involving intentionally distorted analysis or judgment leaning and favouring a certain line of thinking despite insufficient evidence to support it (1992 p. 5). 2.0 Vietnam and the Tet OffensiveThe Vietnam War was a battle between the once French-ruled south and the Communist north. The US’ engagement in the Vietnam War was considered one of th e most controversial ever in its history marked by relentless protests at home and the mind-boggling defeat of its forces in the battlefield. Three of the articles examined by this paper dealt with, amongst others, the US engagement in the Vietnam War and the controversies surrounding the seeming failure of its intelligence units in predicting the extent of the strength of the North Vietnamese forces.James Wirtz’s article â€Å"Intelligence to Please? The Order of Battle Controversy during the War,† dealt with the issue of the controversy.... As can be gleaned, the concept of surprise is allied to the concept of intelligence failure because surprise can only occur as a result of the latter (2004 p. 657). Robert Gates, former CIA head, defined politicization in the context of intelligence operations as involving intentionally distorted analysis or judgment leaning and favouring a certain line of thinking despite insufficient evidence to support it (1992 p. 5). 2.0 Vietnam and the Tet Offensive The Vietnam War was a battle between the once French-ruled south and the Communist north. The US’ engagement in the Vietnam War was considered one of the most controversial ever in its history marked by relentless protests at home and the mind-boggling defeat of its forces in the battlefield. Three of the articles examined by this paper dealt with, amongst others, the US engagement in the Vietnam War and the controversies surrounding the seeming failure of its intelligence units in predicting the extent of the strength of the North Vietnamese forces. James Wirtz’s article â€Å"Intelligence to Please? The Order of Battle Controversy during the War,† dealt with the issue of the controversy of the disparity between the figures cited by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and the Military Assistance Command, Vietnam (MACV) in the Order of Battle and the ensuing clash between their respective analysts. The most controversial aspect of this controversy was the charge by Sam Adams, a junior CIA analyst, of the existence of â€Å"a conspiracy at the highest levels of American military intelligence† (1991 p. 239), an allegation that became highly publicised and was featured in magazines, television and in a subsequent Senate hearing for that issue. This allegation stemmed

Sunday, September 22, 2019

Jesus Christ-Life and Influence Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Jesus Christ-Life and Influence - Research Paper Example Jesus is unanimously regarded as the one and the only virgin birth that has appeared in the entire history of mankind since the creation of Adam and Eve in the paradise. The Old Testament had already made a prediction about his arrival in the world through the virgin delivery to be made by a pious and chaste noble lady i.e. Holy Virgin Mary (Isaiah, 7:14). Thus, the pious and religious-minded Jews were well aware regarding this exceptional kind of birth in their tribe one day in the wake of the Commandments to be made by the Lord in order to show the pagans, non-believers, and hypocrites the signs of the Omnipotence of the Lord. Since all the tribes having faith in Almighty God were in wait of such a sacred birth, the Magi also travelled wide from the ancient Persia to the city of Nazareth in order to see the blessed child arrived in the world from the high heavens in order to fill the world with the dazzling sacred light of justice, equality, righteousness, and faith. The Gospel of Matthew provides a detailed and comprehensive account of the visit of the three Magi from the distant region of Persia (Matthew, 2:2). Since the Magi had been blessed with the knowledge of astrology, and their association with the Zoroastrians had increased their faith in the Oneness of Almighty God the Creator, the three Magi set out to an exhaustive expedition towards Nazareth in order to see the holy child and present their gifts to the Savior of humanity. Consequently, the child would certainly be unique and extraordinary one, which would spend his entire life in teaching, preaching and helping the people without discrimination, and would embrace death at the prime of his youth just for saving the humanity from becoming a victim of the punishment and agony for committing the original sin. Jesus was born in Bethlehem, and the Magi also met him there (Anderson, 2005: 23-24). However, because of the opposition made by the hypocrites and non-believers, Holy Mary had to proceed to Eg ypt in order to save the sacred child from the hatred of the envious and resentful people of Nazareth. Little is known about the childhood and early youth of the Holy Christ, though the historians and theologians appear to be agreeing with the notion that the signs of the spiritual elevation of this sacred child had started appearing in his personality since the childhood years (Littleton, 1975: 22). Somehow, Jesus returned to his native city along with his sacred mother in his early youth, where he was baptized by Holy John the Baptist (Matthew, 3:13-16), though John is noticed to be declaring Jesus superior to him in all respects. Hence, it becomes evident that his contemporary righteous men of Nazareth had maintained the knowledge of the spiritual and elevated status of Jesus Christ. The Christian faith is attributed to Christ, who preached love and kindness to all mankind.

Saturday, September 21, 2019

Business Models and Systems Essay Example for Free

Business Models and Systems Essay The business that I am choosing to write about is a small convenience store located across the street from my children’s school. It is owned and operated by a very pleasant Indian couple. It is located in a remote area where there are very few businesses in close proximity. This store offers a variety of products and prepared foods. The three main components of the business system that comprises this particular business are as follows: Business as Commerce – They give money in exchange for the products they need to fill their store. In this case, the owners will look for sales at other stores, and then purchase them to sell in their store. They are making a profit from their trade because it is increasing their utility. Business as an Occupation – In order for them to increase their profit they would need to specialize in food service and preparation, customer service, and modern technologies. In other words, they had to learn how to make and present the foods that they offer, they had to learn how to communicate appropriately with their customers, and learn how to gain access to and operate new machines to make a greater profit. Business as an Organization – For the time being, this particular business is owned and operated by just two people. If sometime in the future they would decide to combine their talents and resources with other people, they will be able to pursue new opportunities and reduce transaction costs and increase their profitability.

Friday, September 20, 2019

The Global Promotion Strategies Of Nescafe Marketing Essay

The Global Promotion Strategies Of Nescafe Marketing Essay Nestle, the largest confectionary, nutrition and Food Company in the world. Nescafe is one of its renowned brands in the business of traditional hot and cold energizing solubles like coffee and is available almost in every part of the world in different forms and variants. It was named as one of the top 100 brands of the world by Bloomberg business week (Top 100 Brands of 2008, 2008). Today, its offerings are available in 32 countries including France, China, Canada, Pakistan, India, UK, USA and others(Nescafà ©, 2010). Nescafes Global Strategy Nescafe has build a strong brand equity through the use of aggressive marketing strategies globally. Each country/regions Nescafe forms its own strategy to effectively target its audience and generate sales accordingly for the profitability and growth of the company. It is for this reason that some variants are designed and marketed to cater to the needs of that particular segment of the market.It has been noted that Nescafe as a brand is in a intermediary phase from being an exclusive utilitarian comsuption product when it used to be just an instant coffee to becoming more of a product with hedonic consumption when it started to create and sell different blends in different markets. Each variant has its own specific feature and personality to add value to the brand under the same name.The company aims at providing products to consumers wherever, whenever and however is required. Nescafe focuses on the coffee tradition and its historical value. Nescafes global brand personality can be sincere, down-to-earth, warm and honest and excitement related to friendly, youth and energy however it can be just one of the two mentioned above or a mix of both depending upon the target market and the variation. Target Market, Promotion Strategies and Media Nescafe has different target market for its different variants. In the UK, the target market is young adult consumers aged between 20-35 of middle and upper class who have lived with consumption soft drinks and energy drinks like redbull. To capture that market, Nescafe along with its advertising agency decided on building consumer trust and develop work showing lenghts that Nescafe users will go to stay away from other substitute goods. A 360 degree campaign was designed which was launched with a TVC, billboards, radio ads, posters, magazines, news paper and many other medias. In India, with its different variants, is leveraging to vast consumer base and cateting to all segments of the market. The market has been divided on the basis of geographic regions like North, South, East and West, psychographics and demographics. The strategy however has been to focus on values and low-key market penetration using 360 degree promotion campaign. The Greek market was consuming the traditional Greek Coffee which was served in a tiny cup and with a glass of cold water intended to be drunk first. Nescafe captured this opportunity to grab the market share by introducing its Nescafe Frappe in the Greek Market that change habit of the Greek coffee drinkers. It has been heavily marketed to the target audience aged between 17-30 using clever visuals to show a trendy world of partying and dancing including a stylish living for the younger generation. (Butler, 1988) . With a deal with MTV to launch a style campaign for the new generation of consumers aged between 16-24 years old, Nescafe has decided to relaunch the brand with a $30 Million global campaign. Nescafe has been working on targeting its market through the use of interactive youth oriented websites Nescafe Live where consumer will exchange ideas and information regarding images and videos aimed at 16-24 years old consumers of the global market. In Australia, the marketing mix is aimed at targeting diverse market segments of all age groups. For the young adult cafà © culture segment, they offer their range of latte with a sponsoring campaigns like Nescafe Short Film Awards Win the Nescafe Latte Lounge of which teaser and TVCs were created. Also, a website was created for information regarding products, competitions and events. Marketing Communication Agencies Nescafes lead global agencies are McCann Erickson Publicis Mojo while also have MindShare as their global media creative Agency (Jain, 2007). These global agencies have either affliations with local agencies in different countries or have their own subsidaries. Thus, the affliated agencies or the subsidaries become the local agencies of their clients and work with their global partner to create a universal image, perception and equity of the brand. Like the local agency in Sweden for Nescafe is Storakers McCann which is affliated with McCann Erikson while in Pakistan its Orient McErikson. In France, it is Publicis Conseil which has affliation with Publicis Mojo. Importance of Advertising for Nescafe Advertising for Nescafe is important to create positive feeling and attitude of consumers towards the brand which will eventually lead to purchase. Advertising plays a vital part in communicating a competitive advantage and to make consumers feel that the product suits their requirements and has the same personality as theirs. Due to factors like culture and differences in attitudes and behaviors in each country/region that has its own beverage used as stimulant or energizers. Like in some regions its tree and in others its green tea or coffee. Thus, to capture the non-coffee drinking markets, it is essential to aggresively advertise the energizing and stimulating effects of coffee. The red color of the mug is used to emphasize the energy of the drink while red suits to project that state of mind. Nescafe has a very diversified base of consumers belonging to different personalities which have different cultures and tradition and coffee just might not be a part of any of it. It is through advertising that they can create value for customers. For the same reason, Nescafe with the help of local agencies creates offerings based on consumers attitudes, personalities, and behavior and the culture and tradition of that country/region while keeping a broader global brand image, conviction and positioning. If Nescafe just had a global agency responsible for creating and designing products and brands and market them to the global market at large, it would fail to effectively communicate with the customers or to create a competitive advantage in the markets due to the diversified consumer base as needs, attitudes, culture, behaviours and many other factors of consumers choice and preference differ from region to region and coutnry to country. Thus, a balance has to be maintained between the local market perspective and the global outlook as well for the success of the brand and company(Amanda, n.d.). Recommendation To be able to capture and grab the market share of different markets, Nescafe should be associated with the current agencies in order to create offerings using both global and local perspective. However, their promotional strategy should not completely be diverted towards the coffee drinkers of future and should carry out activities for the adults and old-age consumers as well. The use of 360 degree marketing campaigns is a very effective way of reaching out to the target consumers which should be carried on further.

Thursday, September 19, 2019

Batik Essay -- essays research papers

Batik   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Elaborately decorated fabrics and patterns can be seen almost everywhere in the world today. Batiking is a type of decorated fabric, which usually depicts motifs of flowers, birds, butterflies and other natural objects, or simple geometric forms. These designs are rich in symbolic heritage and variety; to date there are over three thousand recorded batik patterns. To perform the art of batiking, one must know a little about its origin, the necessary materials, and the method of creating a batik.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The technique of â€Å"batik† itself is Indonesian in origin; the word â€Å"batik† is an Indonesian-Malay word that means â€Å"to dot.† The art of batiking is more than a millennium old. There are evidences that cloth decorated through a form of resistant technique was used early AD in West African, Middle-Eastern, and Asian communities. Over the past two or three centuries, batik has become one of the best means of expression, spiritually and culturally, in the values of Southeast Asia. This means of coloring and decorating textiles has even reached a higher degree of excellence in the island of Java. From Java, batik cloth has been exported to many other islands, spreading the batiking art around, which is how it is so well known, as are most of the items used to create it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A number of different materials are used when creating a batik. The primary requirements are cloth, wax, various colored dyes a...

Wednesday, September 18, 2019

Modern Energy Crisis Cause by Oil Companies Essay -- Gas Oil

Works Cited Since the September 11th incident it seems that energy prices have skyrocketed. Not long ago gas prices were a dollar seventy-five, but now it is almost four dollars a gallon. These days gas and energy prices seem to be a weekly topic on local and national news. Every time there is some type of fluctuation, it causes chaos, because it is probably a difference of ten cents and sometimes more. So that raise you received, just throw it right out the window because it is not doing anything for you except paying your energy bills and putting a petite more amount gas in your tank. People point fingers in every direction searching for a scapegoat of this epidemic. Who is truly to blame? Oil companies are to blame for the rising of energy prices. Energy consists of more than just fuel. It is your hot water, electricity, heat, as well as gas. All of these factors are considered energy sources, and the prices of them have significantly increased. "Energy supplies and prices are major economic factors in the U.S. and energy markets are volatile and unpredictable." (Glover and Behrens, Energy: selected facts and numbers) This just shows how important energy is to the United States, which makes sense that oil companies would attempt to overcharge and swindle us because the U.S. is dependent on it. Like the spoiled Americans that most of us are we use energy every day, and if all of a sudden we couldn?t access it things would be chaotic, for instance, the California blackout. Like most issues there is always two sides, just as in this one, and while oil companies ?observe? the energy price crisis, they blame the consumers. This epidemic is a strong battle between the consumers and oil companies. Oil companies think that the... ... bringing in record profits almost every year. This only proves how much of a scandal this epidemic is. The whole issue is solely based on oil companies? exploitation of a situation. The rising of energy prices lie only in the hands of oil companies?not consumers. ?Each quarter of a year, oil companies see record profits.?(We Need Energy Independence, 19A) So every year oil companies are rich and getting richer at the expense of thinning wallets and shrinking bank accounts of consumers, who apparently, according to oil companies, are at fault for this situation. ?Exxon Mobil?s 2nd quarter earnings jumped 35% over last year, Royal Dutch(Shell gas) rose 34%, and Conoco Phillips 51%.?(Oil Companies Profiteering) It is obvious that if oil companies are making all this money at our expense, it only makes sense for them to be at fault because the consumers are not blame.

Tuesday, September 17, 2019

Comparing My Dad and Me Essay -- Comparison Compare Contrast Essays

Comparing My Dad and Me In a world of over six billion people, what could be more boring than a bunch of look-alike clones? Everyone on this earth shares certain traits with others. Each person, though, shares more similarities with some people than with others. Strong similarities can be seen most frequently among family members, most likely because people in one family come from the same gene pool. My dad and I represent prime examples of people who share a lot in common. Regardless of how much we resemble each other, though, we are different people and always will be. Setting aside the physical differences between my dad and me – I am significantly taller but have a smaller build than he – quickly reveals our similarities. Though the majority of our shared traits come as a result of the fact that I received many of his genes, our most important similarity– our faith in and fervent love for our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ – does not exist in anyone’s genes. Rather, this comes exclusively from God. Every day my dad goes out and fixes garage doors. Working in people’s garages on a daily basis, he gets numerous opportunities to talk to people. Just about every day, my dad has a chance to share his faith with others. Not only does he deal honestly and fairly with his customers, he frequently talks to them about his belief in God and explains why Jesus died 2000 years ago – for them. Likewise, I often must defend my beliefs in school. In past English classes, we have had many debates on a great variety of moral issues and I have been able to give my stance on â€Å"the issues,† based on what the Bible, God’s Word, teaches. Hopefully, I will have additional opportunities in American Government class and possibly even in English.... ...I. He does not mind confronting people when they do something with which he does not agree. I have a more difficult time confronting people. When I do, so as not to anger them, I beat around the bush rather than telling them blatantly that they are wrong. While my dad and I are very similar even in such little things as our mannerisms, our similarities do not in any way, shape, or form make us the same person. No two people are the same, in spite of all their likenesses. If we were all exactly alike, what good would we be? If we all excelled in construction work and could build anything from a shed to a skyscraper, who would prepare food? If everyone cooked, who would treat the sick and injured? More fundamentally, who would make the equipment used for cooking? People identify us by who we are, by our differences – not by what we have in common with everyone else.

Monday, September 16, 2019

Catcher in the rye dairy entires

Catcher In the Rye: Diary entries * Be the main character from your novel. * Create fictional diary entries about each chapter. * Each entry you need to write in first person in the point of view of the main character. * Possible Ideas about the entry: You can write what happened to the character in that chapter, and have the character reflect on the events that happened, what he/she would have done differently, or what that character questions; any possible connections to family, values, historical events or prior events.Dairy entry #1 : Hello, I'm here in my rest home in which I came for therapy. I don't really want to talk about my early life. But I to have mention D. B my older brother that is a Hollywood writer which I believe that he is only searching for fame. My life's a complete mess I tell you. I was attending Penny Prep back in Pennsylvania. Just because I was not ready to â€Å"apply myself†, I flunk four of my five courses thus I will never come back, that's for s ure. I remember I was there overlooking the football field which I had no interest in being there were Penny plays its annual grudge.I was there because I was supposed to be in New York because I'm the manager of the fencing team but I accidents lost the teams utile on the subway and all, but I actually don't care. I have really good memories form things that happen there but I sure had to leave. I remember having to go and say goodbye to Mr.. Spencer because he meant a lot to me, although his smoking kills me. Dairy entry #2: So I go and greet Mr.. Spencer and OMG he is in decrepit conditions. As always he was trying to lecture me on my academic failures and his quotes about all this crappy things.I do hate him when he told me that he had flunked me. I couldn't handle on more word; I Just hate to be lectured. So guess what I did? (Obviously not trying to rut that accusations). Yeah baby I left to my dorm room. Dairy entry #3: So I was there living in Johannesburg hall, reading my b ook with my hunting hat when I was interrupted by Ackley. Btw, he is a student who lives next door who is terrible hygiene when it comes to his teeth and is always making up lies on how â€Å"sexual active† he is. While he was trying to mug me, Seedeater enters my room and mentions some kind of date he is having.You are probably wondering who Seedeater is, so yeah Seedeater is the one good looking tall and attractive guy, who I don t know why always get to handle sexy girls. Diary entry #4: So I am there next to that Jerk talking to him while he shaves and whistles the â€Å"Son of India† with his piercing whistles that never tune. Just for the sake of it I have to say UK I hate how his razor is always so dirty. He is quite attractive though. Seedeater all the sudden asks me to write his English composition about some god dam descriptive thing and tougher then writing him a composition was that I had to â€Å"not stick all the commas in the right place. Why? Because h e was a stupid bastard that didn't do well at all in his English class. Then I started tap dancing for the sake of it. After a while of doing stupid things together I asked him who his date was and he wouldn't tell me for while, then after a couple of guesses he told me he was dating Jean Gallagher. His date was Jane Gallagher. Yeses! My Jane Gallagher. I talked to Seedeater about her for a while and told him to send her my regards and to no tell her I got kicked out. Then Ackley entered the room again. I think this was the very first time I was glad to see him and set there touching his dirty face until dinner time.Dairy entry #5 We were their having the same meal as every Saturday night the same steak. When we got out of the dining room we got about three inches of snow in the ground. I didn't have nothing to do so me and my friend Mall and Ackley decided to go to the movies like an old couple of gays. But instead we went and ate some hamburgers'. When we came back we handed toget her for a while and as always Ackley was always saying his stories about a girl he should have had sex with. After he left my room I stared writing the composition.I had no idea what to write about but then all the sudden I diced I was going to write about Allies baseball mitt my litter brother that died. He had read head and was terrifically intelligent. In fact the most intelligent of my family. That might probably be because he was left handed some believe that if you are left handed you are smarter. I loved him and I loved to play with him. God, he was a nice kid. I slept in the garage the night he died and broke all the windows in there. Anyways, that's what I wrote Straddle ‘RSI composition about and it was about ten-thirty when I finished it.I was board so I Just sat there looking through the window. Diary entry #6 I am stuck here in my rest room and its quite hard to remember everything that appended but I do remember that when Stalled got back from hid date and saw th e composition he hated it. He said it was supposed to be about something god dam descriptive and that what I did. But no, he had to complain about it so I took the paper and ripped it. I was no really glad I did that but I had to do it. I was really mad at him. I lit on a cigarette Just to bother Stalled, he hated when people broke the rules.He sat there cutting his stinky nails and said sit about his date. I remember he was quit late. After a while of my asking he stared fooling with me and I told him to cut it out. He told me he stayed in a car. In the basket ball coaches car. He said he gave her â€Å"the time†. We fought for a while, I fight in which I didn't have to get into because it ended with him sitting on my God dam chest and my nose was quite bleeding. I was so bucking mad. When the hell was he going to stop giving girls the time, especially to girls like Jane? I thought the probably Ackley heard the fight so I crossed the curtains and went to his room.After all I am so glad that I had Ackley, he is someone I can go to when I am down and he is going to understand me. Sometimes Seedeater is not more than a pain in the ass. Diary entry #7 Hello Diary so I went into Cackles room and turned on the lights and Ackley woke up. I was very down I swear, I lied there in Eels bed, that's Cackles roommate. He had gone home for the week end. That room stinted , I mean after all it was Cackles room. I Just started calling Ackley a prince and a gentleman and he really was. He asked me what the fight was about but I was a very long story.I sat there and thought about Jane and all. It drove me crazy. Every time I thought about that I Just wanted to Jump of the window. Ackley reminded me that Ely would flip if he came in and saw me in is bed but I couldn't care less. After a while Ackley slept and I was trying not to think about the situation but I Just couldn't, it kept poking my brain. After I while I heard stupid Seedeater come back from the can and go to the room. I was thinking about joining to monastery and asked Ackley about it but then decided it was not my thing. I know I'm not that religious.I got up from Eels bed and walked toward the door. I decided to leave this atmosphere in this place was driving crazy. I didn't know if this would be a good choice but I was sick and tired. On my way stopped to say good bye o Ackley. I packed my stuff and left everybody was asleep and the corridor was empty. I Just wanted to leave Penny that's all I wanted to do. Diary entry #8: I took the worst decision I could have ever taken, walk to the station I know it wasn't too far but I was freezing. Every part of me hated that type of cold but it was too late to call a cab.So I got to the station and only had to wait about ten minutes to get a train. I get board in trains and I was thinking about buying some magazines but then I tough I was not even going to read them because the situation I was in. I Just didn't feel like it. So the train arrive d and this lady set next to me. The whole train was empty but no, she had to seat right next to me. Just for the sake of it She look at my bags and saw the Penny prep sticker so she told me her son Ernest Morrow goes to Penny prep and asked me if I knew him. I did know him but he was a Jerk and a bastard he was a perfect definition of a accusations.Rather than me sitting there and telling her what a bastard her son was I sat there and I lied about what a good boy her son was an how sociable he was. After a while I asked her if she wanted to get a cocktail with me. What was I thinking, this woman know my age. I'm not fooling anyone. She denied the invitation. Then she asked why I was here and I lied about having this little tumor operated. I realized I was lying a little bit too much so I Just started reading my timetable. I was hoping she didn't ask anything else because I know I can lie for a while. I know it's wrong but it's so interesting.Diary entry #9: As soon as I got to Penn satiation I felt like giving someone a buzz. I felt lonely I thought about calling several people but it was too late at night. I was afraid if I called my little sister phoebe my mom would pick up the phone and notice it was me. Everyone had an excuse for why not to call them so I ended up not calling everybody. It was quit depressive though. So I got in a cab and ask the taxi driver to drive me to some goofy place and what he did was to get mad and I realized he was kind of a bastard so I Just told him to drive me to Edmond.I asked him to stay with me for a while, yeah that how lonely I was and he said he couldn't. I got to Edmond and check in, when straight up to my room and UN packed and all. That hotel was full of perverts you could tell by only seeing through the window. Sex is something I don't ally understand. It's kind of something extremely hot and UN heritable. I some for a while as I always do but I don't know why because I know its harmful but I still do it. I was feeli ng horse so I called this girl up that no a where but quit sexy. She kind of wrecked my planes down but what the hell.Whatever. Diary entry # 10: If you didn't know I hate to go to bed when I am not tired. So I was no tired at all and it was not that light so I went down to the lavender room where they had a club. I was really missing phoebe. I am a very sentimental guy let me tell you. So I went down to he Lavender room and stood there for a while and I order something but no I'm no aged enough for the accusations that attended me so I had to order coco. For the first time in my life I see the club tree young women alone. One was k, the other two were horrible.So I invited the cute one to dance to Buddy Dinners horrible music but talking to her you could notice why she was alone. She was a kind of stupid retard. Then I came over to the table where they were and talked to all three for a while. They talked about famous people and pretty much the same thing the pretty one told me tha t they had seen this famous guy named Peter Lore. Girls my friend.. .Girls can drive you crazy. They talked about where they work and many crap. Then they said they had to leave. Their names where Bernice Krebs or Crabs something like that , the two ugly ones name where Marty and Lavender.It was a cool night though the club was not awesome but it was something. Diary entry #11: Jane Gallagher in my mind again. Bucking Seedeater. I remember the whole day of when I met her and it was all because of a stupid Doberman Pinscher pooping on my mothers lawn and all. I hated when she was crying and I remember seeing her crying next to the swimming pool at the club. It was all like in the movies when a prince see a princess crying and then its all romantic and stuff. Yeah, that kind' crap. She always read and I loved to see her reading.I still have the picture in my head if when I was showing her Allies baseball mitt that had all the poetry because I knew she loved poetry. We were close to ki ssing one day but she didn't let me. I always thought of Jane like a different kind of girl. Any way that was what I was thinking while sitting in the sticking lobby chair. I thought that I knew she was not going to let him even get to first base but I was not actually that sure at all. The lobby was so depressing that I only got up to my room and sat down. I was quite board I tell you.So I went down to the lobby again and got a cab that drove me to Ermine's night club down at Greenwich Village. D. B uses to go there. Ernie is a big black fat guy who plays the piano. And he kills me, he think his an all star artist but he really stinks that the actual truth about the situation. Diary entry #12: The cab who brought me there was a freeing sticking old little cab and the taxi driver was all impatient guy. Like all other cab drivers. I'm sick and tiered of all theses god dam taxi drivers I need a car. I mean, taxi drivers are not even persons, they act like animals sometimes.So I go aga in and ask him what do the ducks do when the lagoon in central park freezes and he has no bucking idea. Then we stars to get all passed and then I ask him what fish do. I really made him think about that, really made him think about all these things. Btw his name was Hurwitz. Anyway, I finally got to Ermine's and what I padded old Hurwitz told me, â€Å"If I was a fish, Mother Natured take care you, wouldn't she? , you don't think them fish would die when it gets to winter? † I think he might have been the touchiest guy Vive ever meet.So I went into Ermine's I don't know why still but I was there and sat down like always they asked me for my age and I sat down on a table way on the corner on the back of the bar. The place was full of people clapping for the wrong thing like Ernie playing the piano. Many ugly girls that I believe have it tough. All the sudden I saw Lillian Simmons. This is a girl my brother was dating a long time ago. I talked for a while with her and she aske d me to go with her but I was not really in the mood, Vive actually should have gone. But you could see the interest she had in me she was not thanks to me, was because of my brother.She clearly has an interest in my brother still. Diary entry #13: So I walked back to the hotel. Not that I felt like walking but I certainly didn't fell like taking another stupid cab with another stupid taxi driver. So I walked forty-one blocks. It remembered me of the time when I left Pence Prep and I walked to the train station. I was missing my gloves, it was god dam freezing. If I knew what accusations have stolen my gloves back at Pence I would kiss their ass believe me I'm kind of a yellow guy and all. Well after all I might not be all yellow and stuff I manly Just one who doesn't give a damn about anything.Finally I get to my hotel and in the elevator the elevator guy tells me if I want a hook up that he could send me one so I was very exited it was going to be my first time. Tough I had quite a lot of chances to loose my virginity. So I went up and got all ready. After I while I didn't even feel like it. The prom is I get really sorry for them. I mean some don't know that they are even doing. After a while of practically doing anything with her, because as I said I felt like sit. I thanked her and gave her five bucks, but no. That accusations told me it was ten.The elevator dude had said five. So I told her to leave with the five and eave me alone. Diary entry #14: I was sitting in my chair up at my room. Smoking some cigarettes and thinking about past events in my life when all the sudden Bam Bam, someone was knocking my heat was really hard at the moment. It was sunny and Maurice charging me the bucking five dollar I apparently owed, but no one told me that. I said I didn't owe anything but what for? It only passed him more. He threatened me to tell my parents that I spent the night with a where. So sunny went and looked for my wallet.He Maurice snapped his finger in m y you know. And then punched me in the stomach they got the god am five dollars and left the hell of there. I stayed in the room for about an hour taking a shower and all. I got to bed and finally got some got dam sleep. All I felt was like suicide of Jumping out the window. Diary entry #1 5: I didn't sleep long. I was very hungry the last time I had eaten g was those hamburgers with Ackley and Brassard. Vive probably instead of wasting my money in some stupid woman in a stupid club at a stupid launders room I should have spent some in food.So I Just smoked a cigarette and that's it. I called Sally and we made an appointed to meet each other under the clock at the Baltimore at two. So yeah I made a date with her. So I got into a stupid cab again and went to grand central station. I check my wallet and I'm not as packed as before though my father is quite wealthy that it not an excuse of why should I be throwing money to the sky and all. My mother hasn't felt to healthy since Allele died that another reason not to tell them that I got expelled form Penny Prep. So I got to the grand and took a train where I met some god old nuns and stuff.One of them thought English classes and I talked to her for a while since English was the only subject I had not flunked. After a while they ere trying to find out if I where catholic. I gave them ten bucks; I wanted to give them more. They wouldn't let me tough. Well, whatever I need money for tickets and stuff. God dam money is always a mess and stuff. Diary entry #16: Hey, so I got there and got my breakfast but it as around noon and stuff. I made the appointment with sally at around noon so I had nothing to do and went for a walk. I tell you, I could go on miles and miles walking and never get tired.The nuns were in my head. To me honest with you I do not imagine anyone that I know doing that kind of charity, probably my mother. But my mother is not that Christian after all I think so. Then I see this family walking down th e street seeing everything around and I caught a little girl singing. I also saw a family with a mom a dad and a little boy that sang beautiful. He was singing that song â€Å"If a body catch a body coming through the rye. † Then I was kind of board and I thought maybe I game old Jane a buzz but I was no in the mood to talk with her god dam mother.I'm really moody guy. So I went ahead and bought some phonies tickets to a phonies show and stuff witch I knew sally would like. I hate shows but I knew old Sally would like the stupid show. All the sudden I came up with this lousy idea to look for Phoebe I don't exactly know why I wanted to look for her but I did, my idea to talk to a little girl which I tough would know her was very bad I looked like kid of a pedophilia. Anyways the girl told me she might be at the museum and thus I got there. And then I got all sad or happy o I don't know what was actually.When I tough about phoebe and stuff in the museum and looking at the anima ls and stuff Indians made in ancient times. I remember all those classes we talked about Columbus and all the stuff Isabella lending him dough to buy ships and all. I mean I loved the god dam museum. I can remember all the time I went in here. I Just saw everything and imagined her seeing the same things I saw and being different every time. It Just made me nostalgic. Diary entry #17: so it was about time to go to my date and all and then I got there and all touts stupid girls sitting there I mean It was probably because it was time for vacations and all.You could see on there face that they would probably all marry stupid guys. Then I saw Sally coming to me. I don't know if it was the impact on seeing someone I knew finally or that I if I really felt love inside me. I mean I could really feel the love flowing in the air. And I told her I loved her and all but of course I lied, but after all I meant it. So we went to see the stupidest play ever which she enjoyed. When we were coming out of the play and all some stupid guy she told me she knew came up to us and was all flirting and stuff, you could see over his clothes that he was a very rich guy.After she had the idea to go ice skate and all so we went and we fell and all. We looked awesome and all but in the end we didn't even know how to sake. When we finished skating we sat down and talked for I while, I have to admit it I talked al lot of sit to it UT I meant it you know. I meant it. Everything that had to do with marrying her and living together and love and all I said it. I told her something about moving to Vermont and cabin camps and everything. The all the sudden this words came out of my mouth, muff give me a royal pain in the ass, if you want to know the truth. She started to cry and all then I was bucking afraid of her god dam father which hated me so damn much but whatever then she left telling me not to take her home but whatever who cares. After all I really do not meant what I tell her but what ever she need to be happy and stuff I don't care. Tough I meant when I asked about marrying her I still don't care. Diary entry # 18: So when I left the skating rink I felt hungry and stuff and ate something. I thought about giving Jane another buzz to take her dancing and all because I knew she was a great dancer.I knew as well she liked the type of man that had zero brain and a lot of muscles. Which she had had inferiority complex and stuff. It's hard for me to understand girls I mean they say sit, a lot of sit. If they like a guy then they classify him as the type of guys that had inferiority complex and if they don't like the guy they ay he had inferiority complex as well. What the hell happens to girls. Its so hard for me to understand them, sometimes I prefer not to even think about them. Anyway I do not regret giving old Jane a buzz because she didn't even answer.So I called my old friend and stuff which I really liked and all. He was very smart by the way. He told me he coul d not meet with me so I went to the radio city movie and saw this hellhole bored thins that ended up with everybody laughing after all the drama and stuff. I recommend you not to see it because it is bucking bored. So we meet at this cool lace and stuff after dinner and all. While I walked to the place and all I thought about war and all. I have no clue why. Anyways it reminded me of D. B my brother, we has in the army for a while.He said the army was full of bastards and stuff. I started to remind me of Ackley and Seedeater in the army with me. D. B hated the army but still loved the bucking book of â€Å"The Great Gatsby' and stuff. Tough I liked it too. I'm so glad they invented the freaking atomic bomb; whenever they explode it again I would be the volunteer who sat on it. I actually don't know why I think that but whatever. Diary Entry #19: So I got to the bar and all, up at Sexton Hotel and I star to think about Luck and what an amazing guy he really is, his big and mature an d stuff.He is three years older than me and studies at Columbia University. Back when I was at Whatnot School Luck was the most amazing dude ever. He talked to us about hooking up and sex and stuff. Though I still think he is a phony. So he got to the place and all it was cool and all. I tried pocking his mind into talking to me about some sex stuff but he was not that into that. I think he was probably ashamed or something I don't really know what was it. He probably had gown now and leaves the â€Å"taboo† or whatever people call it behind. Anyway got really passed and left the bar.He was saying that I need some psychoanalysis sit. His dad was a psychoanalyst and all, I wonder if he had ever done one to his son. I don't care if he got annoyed by my questions an all I at least had someone to get entertained with. Diary entry #20: So Luck left the bar but I didn't really care I Just sat around and kept getting drunk. I don't really know why I wanted to get drunk anyhow. I at least wanted to get some girl from the bar to look at me but I was drunk as hell. So called the waiter to go ask a girl something for me but he probably didn't ask because it was bobbies he didn't care.People Just don't give others your massage. It makes me flip every time people do that. Just like Jane and Seedeater; he didn't give my god dam massage to her, and the waiter at Ermine's bar did the same sit. C'mon people! So I paid and everything and went out of the bar because I felt like giving old Jane a buzz again, I was drunk as buck you know. I went inside the phone booth to call her and all but I was not in the mood so I called old Sally Hayes. I dialed about twenty number before I dialed the erect one. I was DRUNK I tell you.So I went on with Sally and her grandma and I made a show out of me and all she kept saying me was to go home and all. I wish I would not have ever called her. By that time and the level of alcohol in my head I didn't even know where I had to be so I walk straight to the park where I went to see the ducks in the lake. I had a hard time finding the god dam lake, when I got there the ducks were not there. It was damn cool, I was freezing. I thought maybe I would have died of pneumonia and all. I thought of the bastard that would visit me. I hope someone would dump me in the river and all.Because who really wants to be in the cemetery all dead and all with flowers in your belly. After all I decided to go see phoebe I really missed her. I had spent a lot of money since I left Penny so I walked home. It was freezing and by then I was not that drunk. Diary entry #21: I am darn crazy, I have no idea what I problem is. The point is that I had the best brake ever. So I got home and Pete the regular guy that's always there was not here. There was this new guy I believe. So I needed a way to get up to my apartment so I said to the guy I needed to get to the Dickens's'.He told me they were up on the urethane floor in a party. He told me to stay and wait. I couldn't Just stay and wait! So I came up with a story about how I had this bad leg and it had to be in a certain position and all. So finally he felt pity for me and took me up so I Just waited till the elevator closed and instead of going to the Dickens's' side I turned to my house. So I opened up with my key and all and then I smelled the smell of my house, I could feel I was home. I sneaked in I knew the maid couldn't hear me because when she was little her brother stuck a straw right up her ear and all.I knew that if I touched anything my mother could hear me she had the lightest sleep ever, the straight opposite of my dad. So I went looking for Phoebe and found her sleeping in D. BBS room. She was there laying on the bed and all. I really missed her I loved old Phoebe a lot. I always say kids look lovely when they are a sleep. I love them all. So I sat there reading Phoebes stuff that was up o D. BBS huge desk. Anyways, I woke her up, honestly she is not very diff icult to wake anyways. So she wakes up and holds me and hugs e. She's a really affectionate girl though.Then I gave her a kiss. We talked for quite a lot of time. About everything in the world. Then I found out my mother and my father were not home but they weren't going to be home any way. I asked her if B. D was going to be home for Christmas but she didn't know. She told me something about a play he was writing and all I didn't really care at all. Then all the sudden she knew that got kick out. She knew because she smart people I tell you, she's damn smart. She told me about one hundred times that dad was going to kill me. I kind of knew but didn't think about it that much.I was talking to Phoebe which told me that I didn't like anything. I really didn't after all. I Just kind, like only kind like James Castle this guy who Jumped out of a window back at Election. She then told me what I would like to be when I grow up and in a summary of all I said I wanted to be the Catcher in t he rye and all. This comes from a poem by Robert Burns. Diary entry # 23: Mr.. Anatolian is very nice I mean he told me that late at night I could go to his house, in which I actually planned to sleep there. I told him I had flunked out of Penny I don't know why, I Just felt like to tell him.He was about the best teacher I ever had. Mr.. Anatolian was pretty young tough, was only a few years older then B. D. He was the one to pick up James back at Election when he flew out the window. So I stayed there with Phoebe and all we talked about her dresses and her plays and everything. We were then and then she told me to hush and all then I heard me parents come in, then I ran inside the closet and all and she came in told talked to Phoebe for a while then she left. So I went out of the closet when she left and decided I had to go. That was the exact moment to go so I put my shoes on and left.Phoebe asked me where would I stay and I planned to stay at Mr.. Anatolian house. Then I started to cry and all and Phoebe was scared and all but I Just cried and cried and all. Then I left and actually it was harder to sneak in then to sneak out. Tough I really didn't care if I got caught after all. Diary entry #24: So I went to Mr.. Antagonist apartment and all it was this very swanky apartment. Mr.. Anatolian was friends with B. D and when B. D went to Hollywood he said the someone like D. B had no business going there. Let me tell you I had to walk because I didn't want to spend Phoebes Christmas dough.So I got to their house and it was full of sit all over the place, it had glasses all over the place and dishes with peanuts. Mrs.. Anatolian didn't even want me to see her because she was all ugly and all. So we sat there and talked sit and all we has lecturing me as always and all. He asked a question or a â€Å"pedagogical† question as he said and from then on we would stop lecturing me. So Mrs.. Anatolian brought Coffey and then went back to sleep and all. Mr.. Ana tolian was drinking and he was quite a drunk bastard. He told me something that quiet scared me, he said that the sad talked to my father and my father was worried about me.He told me he didn't even know what to say to me, and frankly I understood him. So he lectured me a lot while I was tired. So told me how applied I had to be at school. He told me something I had never thought about, he said,†you're no the first person who was ever confused or frightened and even sickened by human behavior. † And that my friend, it the complete truth. He was really drunk by then. He told me as well, that only educated and scholarly man are able to contribute something valuable in the world and he really meant that those are the valuable records the come behind a man of that kind.I was really sleepy let me tell you, all the sudden I yawned, it was very rude I know, I don't know why I did that man. So he kind of notice I was sleepy he didn't get mad or anything, but after all I was happ y but a little ashamed. So while he fixed up the couch and all he asked me for my woman a sally and Jane and all those separate stories which I was really not in the mood to talk about. The couch was too short let me tell you but I dint mind. He told me something about finding out the size or your mind and all. So then he left me there and I slept, I was really sleepy so I slept right away.Then all the sudden the weirdest sit happened to me. I felt something rubbing my head in the middle of the night and it as old bastard Mr.. Anatolian rubbing my bucking head. So woke up as fast as I could and got all my things on and left. He followed me until the elevator and it was all creepy and stuff. I stared sweating and I really didn't even know what to say. That kind of stuff happened to me a lot and I can't stand it. Diary entry #25: After I left Mr.. Antagonist house it was damn cold outside and I took the sub down to Grand Central to take my bags, I really don't feel like saying much bu t let me tell you that I slept there.After all I should have probably stayed at his house because he was ere nice to me talking about finding the size of your mind and all. So I was Just there sitting down and I started to read this magazine that talked about hormones and cancer and sit so I figured I was most likely getting cancer and was paranoid as hell. So I went out to look for some breakfast and I walked trough the street it was all Christmas. This two guys bucking with a Christmas tree made melange and while I laugh I almost vomit. I felt sick but I Just kept looking around for the nuns I had meet but I couldn't see them. So I walked up to Fifth Avenue.I was sweating like a bastard ND I don't like to admit it but you could say I was hallucinating because I could talk to my brother Allele in the moment. So then while walking an awesome idea came to my mind, I decide I will never go home again and I will go far away I could give old phoebe her Christmas dough she landed me and then leave. To be honest to you right now, I don't know what the heck I was thinking. I was thinking I could go far west and work at a gas station and marry a deaf-mute because I would pretend to be one too, I had no clue what the heck was I thinking I Just made up this damn sorts of my life in my head.So I guess I could go to old phoebes school and take her a note telling her to meet me at the museum to give her back her dough. So that's Just what I did, I knew exactly where her school was because I had studied there was well. Point is I got there and all and I went to the receptionist at school and all and the little time I was there at school I saw about a million â€Å"Buck you† writing everywhere around the school. It pieces me off. Mostly because I don't want old Phoebe reading that kind of things, it really does pips me. Any ways I Just left and I had time to kill still till I meet

Araby †James Joyce Essay

One of the most intriguing works by Irish writer James Joyce is â€Å"Araby† in which a young boy, who is the narrator, leads a carefree life in a Dublin neighborhood before falling in love with his friend’s sister. He is always watching her steps, every single morning. When they finally speak, the girl mentions the existence of an exotic bazaar in town, named â€Å"Araby†. The narrator then becomes obssessed with the idea of going to the bazaar to bring the girl a present. Nevertheless, disappointment is an important theme of the novel. The young boy is ultimately faced with reality when he goes to Araby and realizes that he cannot afford the things that are sold there. In others words, Joyce deals with the dichotomy of fantasy versus reality in â€Å"Araby†, giving it a rather pessimistic approach, where reality and its negativity prevail. In order to better comprehend Joyce’s â€Å"Araby†, it is important to understand the author’s biography and the time in history in which â€Å"Dubliners† was written. Joyce was born in a poor family in February of 1884. His father had several jobs and his mother was a devout Catholic. A young Joyce eventually moved to Paris, where he worked as a teacher and journalist, and later, during World War I, he took refuge in Zurich, Switzerland. Since Joyce spent great part of his adult life outside of Ireland, â€Å"Dubliners† is written through the eyes of a â€Å"refugee†, as a member of Dublin’s society who is also an outsider. Through â€Å"Dubliners† and its short stories, including â€Å"Araby†, Joyce describes life in Dublin, how religion influenced and dominated Irish society and how a national identity came to be. At that time, Ireland, a country that had suffered the horrors of the Great Famine in the past along with the death and emigration of millions of its people was now struggling culturally and politically to create its own identity and breakaway from British political control and cultural influence. The conflict between Catholics and Protestants was at its peak, as the entire island was under United Kingdom’s rule. In other words, Ireland and its society were going through a turbulent period in history, which affected Joyce’s use of language in â€Å"Dubliners† as well as the themes cointained in his works, such as religion, the hardships of reality and Anglo-Irish relations. â€Å"Dubliners† is a unique compilation of stories because it follows a chronological pattern. â€Å"Araby† falls in the category of â€Å"childhood†, because its narrator is a young boy and also due to the fact that one of its central themes is growth and maturity. In order for such growth to take place, â€Å"Araby† follows a clear sequence of events, which is described by William York Tindall in â€Å"A Reader’s Guide to James Joyce† as â€Å"illusion, disillusionment and coming to awareness† (19). These three elements that result in the character’s growth are well defined in the story. Mangan’s sister and the bazaar both represent illusion. Disillusionment is present when the narrator goes to â€Å"Araby† and realizes that it is not what he had expected. Finally, disillusionment is shown in the end, when he comes to the conclusion that he is not able to buy Mangan’s sister a gift, which in turn, leads to the final moment of epiphany, a concept that will be further discussed. Another essential aspect to â€Å"Araby† is the presence of images and symbols throughout the story, in particular those with religious conotations. Since religion and the church played an important role in Irish society and Joyce was Irish himself, religious themes are abundant in some of Joyce’s works, â€Å"Araby† being one of them. Religious imagery is present in the very beginning of the story, when the narrator mentions that the former tenant of the house where he lives was a priest. The house itself also contains religious symbol, in this case, in the garden: † The wild garden behind the house contained a central apple-tree and a few struggling bushes under one of which I found the late tenant’s rusty bicycle-pump† (373). It is evident that the apple-tree in the story evokes images of the Adam and Eve passage in the Bible, where they were tempted to eat the â€Å"forbidden fruit† which was an apple. Mangan’s sister, the â€Å"object† of the narrator’ affection, is perhaps the most significant religious symbol in the story. The narrator is devoted to her much like a religious person is devoted to God or a Saint. The connection between Mangan’s sister and religious worship is shown in the passage where the narrator goes marketing with his aunt, while passing through the crowded and disorganized streets: I imagined that I bore my chalice safely through the throng of foes. Her [Mangan’s sister] name sprang to my lips at moments in strange prayers and praises which I myself did not understand My eyes were often full of tears (I could not tell why) and at times a flood from my heart seemed to pour itself out into my bosom (179). The narrator’s feelings to Mangan’s sister are so intense to the point of being compared to a religious experience. When he mentions Mangan’s sister name in â€Å"strange prayers† he is describing the powerful effect that she has on him, like the power of a prayer to a religious person. To the narrator, her name in the strange prayers has the same force as the name of Jesus or Mary in a traditional Catholic prayer. Cleanth Brooks, Jr. and Robert Penn Warren reinforce the link between the narrator’s desire and religion in their work, titled â€Å"The Chalice Bearer† by affirming that â€Å"(†¦ ) when he [the narrator] speaks of his confused adoration, we see that the love of the girls takes on, for him, something of the nature of a mystic, religious experience. The use of the very word confused hints of the fact that romantic love and religious love are mixed up in his mind† (95). The narrator, thus, is yet to discover reality. He is still trapped in a world of illusion where the lines of pure, religious love and physical desire are somewhat blurred. The bazaar, called Araby, furthers the narrator into illusionment. The name of the bazaar evokes images of a far and exotic place: â€Å"The syllables of the word Araby were called to me through the silence in which my soul luxuriated and cast an Eastern enchantment over me† (375). It can be argued that the bazaar also represents a religious symbol in the story. Such view is supported by William York Tindall: â€Å"The Church, after all, is a more or less Oriental foundation, and the ecclesiastical suggestion of Araby (â€Å"not some Freemason affair†) is supported by metaphor† (20). In other words, Araby can be regarded as a religious institution that takes over the life of the narrator. His anticipation of the visit to the bazaar becomes a focal point of his life, interfering with his everyday activities: â€Å"I answered few questions in class. I watched my master’s face pass from amiability to sternness†¦ I could not call my wandering thoughts together† (375). The story ends with dissapointment and frustration when the boy arrives at the bazaar and realizes that most mof the stalls are closed, and even if they were open, he would not be able to buy Mangan’s sister a gift. The narrator finally understands that life is harsh. In other words, â€Å"Araby† presents a moment of epiphany. Nevertheless, Joyce goes against the traditional concept of epiphany in â€Å"Araby. † Epiphany is usually associated with enlightment and positive growth whereas in â€Å"Araby† epiphany is linked with negativity. Such idea is supported by Florence L. Walzl in â€Å"A Companion to Joyces’ Studies. She argues that: † His [the narrator] inability to buy even a trinket for the girl and his perception of the inanity of the flirtation he has just witnessed climax in an epiphanic vison, not of light, but of darkness† (175). With such statement, Walzl acknowledges that the pattern of â€Å"illusion, disillutionment and coming to awareness† in the story comes â€Å"full circle†. Instead of enlightment, the narrator’s epiphany causes him to become bitter: † Gazing up into the darkness I saw myself as a creature driven and derided by vanity; and my eyes burned with anguish and anger† (377). Since religious symbols are a constant presence in the story, it has been argued that the narrator’s disappointment is, in reality, disappointment with the Church and the values that it represents. This position is shared by Florence Walzl in her conclusion of her analysis: At the narrative level, â€Å"Araby† manifests disillusionment in young love; at a symbolic level, it represents disillusionment in the theological virtue of charity. Faith, hope and love are diminished in this first triad of tales of childhood (176). In conclusion, â€Å"Araby† is a story of a young love. As such, it presents moments of illusion throughout most of the story. However, illusion is shattered by the narrator’s dark epiphany. A closer analysis of â€Å"Araby† reveals that there is more to the story than a young boy’s first love. The abundance of religious imagery shows the readers that the story is very much about criticism of the Church’s role in the lives of the Irish people and its effect on a nation that was struggling politically to be free from the United Kingdom’s influence and ideologically, with the animosity between Catholics and Protestants.

Sunday, September 15, 2019

P1 -Unit 8: Business Communication Through Documentation

Unit 8: Business Communication through Documentation Title: Identify, using examples, the purposes of written business communications in four different business contexts Written Business Communications Introduction: John Lewis, as a business, was founded in 1864 when it was just a shop  on  Oxford Street, which expanded over the years to become the third largest retailer in the UK. John Lewis is a Public Limited Company, this means that anyone with the right capital can buy (or sell) their shares within the business, in order to become a share-holder and receive dividends from profits.In addition, as a business, John Lewis sells various products and has a variety of over 80,000 products ranging from clothes to furniture, in order to suit and cater to the needs of any of their customers . Furthermore, in this assignment I will be investigating the retailer John Lewis and its operations; in order to determine examples of effective written business communications, with the use of do cumentation. Written Business Communications Effective communication within a business (John Lewis) is essential, in order to ensure their success and profitability.But Firstly, What is Communication? Communication can be defined as â€Å"the exchange and flow of information and ideas from one person to another† [2]. This means that without communication, information or ideas cannot be utilized and no aspect of John Lewis can function properly. For example, if the delivery department cannot communicate with individual stores; therefore this means that John Lewis can’t coordinate with the individual stores, in order to determine what new stock is needed at any particular time.This results in John Lewis being unable to restock their stores properly, meaning products not needed are delivered for example. As a result, John Lewis looses out on potential customers and repeat sales, because consumers who wanted to purchase a specific product couldn’t due to the stock u navailability, leading to a loss in potential sales, repeat sales and profits for the business in the short and long term. Secondly, communication within John Lewis happens in various different methods, such as written, verbal and electronic.However in this assignment we will only be discussing the written communication aspects of John Lewis. There are various written documentation which are communicated throughout john Lewis. For example, letters, memos, text, faxes and emails are just some of the formal or informal communication methods used by businesses in the modern age. A written business document is a way of getting a message across internally and externally by employees or customers of John Lewis. There are various ways of written communication that are used by businesses.For example, depending of the situation an employee of john Lewis may need to contact their branch manager and the quickest, but maybe not the most formal way of doing so, would be by texting them [3]. Addi tionally, there are many forms of written communication, such as agenda’s, e-mails, letters, memorandums, reports, notices and minutes. A written business document is used as a type of communication as it is seen as a more formal and professional way to communicate internally and externally within a business.Purposes of Written Communication Most businesses understand that communication is crucial for successful business operations. The ways we conduct our business activities is changing rapidly, as a result communication, especially written has become essential, in order to deliver messages and information to any aspect or individual within the business. As a result, if used successfully the purpose of written communication, in my opinion, is to deliver information, in order to coordinates and establish successful business activities.This leads to an increase sales, and an increase in the profit in the long term for John Lewis. The purpose leads to the crucial question why d o we use written communication? Written communication can be used in various ways, depending on the sender and receiver of the information. For example, a manger will inform the owners or directors, by producing a written report telling them which products are selling better than other’s within a period of time. This form of written communication will be strictly professional and formal, informing them about changes in the business and there actives.However if an employee wanted to inform another member of staff about other issues then they could just email or text them, meaning a simpler, reliable and effective written communication process. Furthermore, it’s not only the internal customers but also external consumers who can communicate in a written manner with john Lewis. For example, a customer would communicate in a written manner with john Lewis if they have a complaint with any aspect of the business; such as a faulty product, leading to a customer having to ema il John Lewis regarding replacement of the product.In addition, a customer can also communicate with John Lewis because they have an inquiry to make regarding products or services provided by them. These are just some of the various reasons that customer make written enquires to John Lewis. Types of Written Communication Business Context| Document| Context(manager-employee or employee-costumer )| Purpose| Formal| Letter| Supplier to John Lewis,| To make an appointment to see the manager about supply of raw materials needed to produce the products in the production department of John Lewis. | Formal| Agendas | Set out topics to be covered at a meeting.An manger will send it to the employees he wants to come to the meeting | Usually sent out before a meeting to all the people that are meant to attend and inform attendees| Formal| Reports| Information, research and analysis on a specific aspect of a business,| Provides detail to help the businesses with decision making. So the purpose of this will be to inform an employee | Formal| Minutes of the meetings| A record of what actually took place at a meeting between manager and employees | It also records who attended the meeting, what was discussed nd how long and when the meeting took place and to confirm meeting feedback| Informal | Memorandums| They are mainly used for quick communication within a business, college to college | They are short, simple information meant to get your message across within a business, to the receiver and its purpose is to inform a staff member of manager what is going to happen or needs to happen | Formal | Schedules| Schedules are lists of planned activities or tasks that need to be completed and could be used between staff and managers | It is almost like a plan for the business, which can come in many forms such as lists or timetables and it is used to instruct people what to do | Informal | Notices| Important information on displays, or boards in order to inform employees or anyo ne associated with the business for example the marketing department and employees | This is done in order to notify and display general information which should be accessible to all members of staff. | The table above shows the various types of written communication methods, and their purposes. ConclusionIn conclusion I would state that this assignment has highlighted the importance of communication and especially the importance of written communication within John Lewis. Also I have discovered the various types of communication and why the different parties (such as customer, employees, suppliers) involved would use each method that suited their needs, as explained within the assignment. Bibliography – 1. NW-Link http://www. nwlink. com/~donclark/leader/leadcom. html Accessed on 24/09/2012 2. E-How http://www. ehow. co. uk/info_7785121_types-written-business-communication. html Accessed on 24/09/2012 3. E-How http://www. ehow. com/about_5563166_purpose-business-communicatio n. html Accessed on 24/09/2012 4. John Lewis http://www. johnlewis. com/ Accessed on 24/09/2012

Saturday, September 14, 2019

Canada Great Britain Comparison

Comparative Analysis of Canada’s Relationship Between Great Britain and the United States Introduction For centuries, the British Empire was comprised of multiple dominions, colonies, and territories ruled by the United Kingdom of Great Britain. The British Empire was present in areas all over the globe. Around the early 1900’s the Empire was said to govern a total population of almost 500 million people, and covered about one quarter of the total land mass on Earth, which was spread all around the world.This empire was known to be the largest formal empire that the world had ever seen. The empire reached its greatest extent at the end of World War I, and at that point the empire included some of the following land territories: British Isles, British West Indies, British Guiana, British West Africa, British East Africa, India, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and Canada. Around the end of the 19th century, the economic lead that Britain had successfully kept for man y years was beginning to become eroded. Read Essay In Westminster Abbey AnalysisWith this erosion of leadership came a great decolonization movement by most of the territories that were under control of the British Empire. Both World War I, and World War II put extreme financial and population strains on Britain, and even with the large amount of territorial extent the Empire no longer had the industrial or military power it once had. The empire relied heavily on the territories till the end of the Second World War. By the end of World War II, the Empire had no choice but to grant independence to most of its territories, which most joined the British Commonwealth of Nations.The Commonwealth of Nations is known as an intergovernmental organization of 54 independent states that were once part of the British Empire. Within in the Commonwealth the states cooperate with a framework of common values and goals, which include the promotion of democracy, human rights, good governance, the rule of law, individual liberty, egalitaria nism, free trade, multilateralism and world peace. There is no political union in the Commonwealth, but the groups of states are regarded as equal in status.The â€Å"Head of the Commonwealth† is considered to be Queen Elizabeth II, who also is considered as reigning constitutional monarch of 16 different Commonwealth members, including Canada. In this paper I want to focus on the important historic relationship between Canada and Great Britain, and also touch on the growing relationship of Canada and the United States. Also, I want to examine what Canada might be doing in the future within the international community. Canada was a very unique member within the Commonwealth.Canada was considered to be a senior player in the Commonwealth of Nations, because until the early 1900’s it carried the title of ‘dominion’ alone. It wasn’t until the British Colonial Conference that the title of dominion was given to any other independent state. Canada was con sidered to be the most advanced member of the Commonwealth in terms of population and economic development, and also its relations with Britain were the most complex due to it’s geographical location with the United States. The relationship between Britain and the Canadian Dominion moved along a ‘decentralist’ path very quickly.Canada is known to be the largest member of the Commonwealth in total landmass, and its border with the United States is known to be the longest border in the world. Canada also has the fourth largest gross domestic product in the Commonwealth with a total of 1. 5 trillion dollars, and ranks ninth highest in the world. Canada ranks very well in the international rankings for education, quality of life, governmental organization, and economic freedom. Canada was first of Commonwealth Nations to participate in large economic groups such as the G7 and G8. Association With Great BritainIn 1867, after Canadian delegates discussed the details of the British North America Act (BNAA) in London, the term Dominion was adopted to describe the status of Canada in the British Empire. The dominion delegates of Canada had made it obvious that they were starting to feel more independent from Britain, but even with the beginning of separation Canada still followed the parliamentary structure of Britain. After the British North America Act was adopted by Canadian officials, and was accepted in 1867 as the constitution of the Dominion, the Parliament of Canada came into existence.The Parliament of Canada was modeled exactly from the British Parliament. The Canadian Parliament was granted limited power in regards to the amending of the constitution. When Canadian parliament sought after any amendment change of the BNAA it was required that there be a ruling by British law. As stated earlier, Canada held this status solely until the Colonial Conference in 1907, which was the time when the remaining self-governing colonies also took on th e status of Dominion. After the BNAA was solidified the relationship between Canada and Britain quickly began to decentralize.The Prime Minister of Britain, Arthur Balfour, stated to the British House of Commons â€Å"that these children of empire were now grown up, referring generously to ‘those self-governing Colonies of the Empire over which no office in this country has any control at all’,† (Wigley pg. 7). During the first decade of the 1900’s, Canadian government leaders formulated three questions in regards to their position in the Empire; rendering solicited assistance to the mother country of Britain, the extent of association with British defense and foreign policies, and the ways in which they and Britain would discuss imperial problems in confidence.Officials then participated in conferences in order to figure out the British-dominion affairs. The Imperial Conference of 1923 was a very important conference for the British-dominion affairs. It c reated debates that focused on the unified partnership between Britain and the dominions, and whether they should proceed together or independent from each other in the areas of foreign policy, defense, economic affairs, and the making of international treaties. After the 1923 Imperial Conference, another conference was held in regards to the economic standings between Canada, other dominions and Britain.For both political and ideological reasons, the conference obtained a theme of independence, and there seemed to be no hidden implications for Canadian autonomy. Britain and Canada stood side by side with each other, and accepted their equality as commonwealth partners. All dominions, including Canada, felt as though their own particular conditions were required to be dealt with in the best interests of the Empire, but could be promoted by allowing for each to do with the conditions what they wished.During the 1930’s and 1940’s, Prime Minister William Mackenzie King ha d been working hard and successfully to obtain national unity in Canada. He felt that that Canada needed to be cautious with its foreign policy and should avoid commitments. This is why many believe that Canadian policy during this time was summed up in two words ‘no commitments’. Many thought it was best to avoid controversy and division in Canada since unity was so fresh in the minds of the Canadian people. The Canadians had become very comfortable with their autonomy, which was made very apparent at the start of World War II.For the first time, Canada had made a decision to declare war separate from Britain. The Canadian government felt that cooperating too closely with Britain at that point might negatively affect constitutional developments for Canada in later years. Throughout the 1940’s the Canadian parliament kept putting up a wall in between Canada and all other dominions and Britain. Prime Minister King would not meet with any of the dominion prime mini sters or British parliament other then for personal consultations, and rejected to offer new support for the Commonwealth.One might conclude that highlight of Canadian independence had come from the interactions during World War II. Canadian Participation in The World Wars In the early years of the 1900’s, when the problems that started World War I were beginning to brew, the relations between Britain and the dominions remained in a highly unresolved state. The British Empire, even though had granted dominion independence to Canada, still relied heavily on their military support. During this time the British parliament created the Imperial War Cabinet.The purpose of the cabinet was to register the dominions’ claims as regards to their constitutional and functional place in the empire, to brief their representatives on current problems. The cabinet brought all overseas dominion and colonial government officials together during the Imperial War Conference in 1917. In 191 4, Britain had declared war on Germany, and by doing so the British forces called for the Empire’s support. While many British leaders thought that there would be little participation from Canada, they were surprised to see the willingness Canada had to participate right from the start of the war.After two months from the start of the war Canada had armed around 30,000 men and sent them to Britain. In 1910, Britain had given control of Canadian Naval defense completely to the Canadian Parliament, which allowed for Canada to have completely control over navy bases located in Halifax and Esquimalt. By 1918, there were a total of 619,636 men and women who had served in the Canadian Expeditionary Force. Out of all the dominions and colonies, Canada’s contribution, for a population of less than 8 million people, was considered to be an outstanding contribution. Canada’s participation in the ar was to support its mother country of Britain, but by the time the war ende d Canada had become a unified nation, proud of their achievements and sacrifices. They were ready to play a larger role in the international community. During the years after World War I, Canada and other dominions had continued to meet with the British Parliament in regards to the autonomy of their countries. In 1939, British Parliament passed the ‘Statute of Westminster, which gave Canada and the other dominions the constitutional right to make their own decisions in all of their affairs.So when it came time to commence the Germans again in 1939, Canada was not so quick to jump up to show support. The Canadian Parliament had decided that if Canada was going to show support in the war they wanted to do so as an independent declaration. The purpose behind this later declaration of war was to formally underline Canada’s independent status. When Canada declared war the idea was to contribute mostly in the form of war materials, there was no immediate decision to secure a large army for the use overseas.The Canadian Parliament created a set of goals to do the following: Maintain defense and security of Canada including the development of the Royal Canadian Air Force and Royal Canadian Navy, provide vital food supplies to Britain, create an industrial program for weapons and ammunition, provide training courses for Allied pilots. Also, proposals for a British Commonwealth Air Training Plan was implemented in December of 1939, which allowed for the building of 65 training schools in Canada for Commonwealth countries.As in the First World War, Canada quickly sent around 23,000 untrained ground troops to Britain while Canada’s Air Force and Navy was built. In the Early 1940’s, the Royal Canadian Air Force grew substantially to around 206,000, which ended up playing a major role in the war against Germany. The Royal Canadian Navy also played a major role all around the world. The Canadian ships were helpful in operations not only in Europe b ut also in the Mediterranean and Pacific Ocean. Canada was applauded for keeping the lifeline to Britain open in the Atlantic. If Canada had not generously contributed men, aircraft, and ships to the battle, and if the ports of Canada and Newfoundland had not been available, the war would certainly have dragged on much longer,† (Munro pg. 60). The wars benefited Canada on an economic level, as well as a military level. Although Canada was showing signs of industrial economic growth before the wars, the growth was very slow. At the state of the First World War, industrial and agricultural products were in great demand by the Allies, Canada gladly offered up their products. Also the wars forced the government to create wartime regulations for the economy.By the end of the Second World War the standard of living for most Canadians became higher then ever before, vastly exceeding those of other dominions in the Commonwealth. Growing Relationship With The United States During the f irst two decades of the 1900’s, the United States had drastically grown to become a world power. With the global emergence of the US, and the steady decline in power of Great Britain, Canada was affected more then any country in the world. The growth of a relationship between Canada and the United States seemed to be inevitable, because of the geographical location of the two.Especially since the two countries shared borders, fisheries, and natural resources, which made the relations between the US and Canada become much more solidified, and the fact that the US economy had quickly boomed was an attraction for the Canadians since the Canadian economy had a much slower start at the beginning compared to the US. A big problem that Canada faced was the fact that some of Canada’s â€Å"best and brightest† had left Canada to go to schools, and find jobs in the United States, and never returned.In 1908, the International Boundary Commission was created as a permanent organization, which was responsible for maintaining the border between the United States and Canada. This was the first important initiative noted for the beginning relationship between Canada and the US. With the solidified border came some issues that presented themselves. The fishery disputes had remained to be the biggest problem for the relations between the US and Canada, which had ended up lasting for a long period of time.Since many of the rivers flowed from Canada directly across the American border the two countries had to create regulations to try and resolve the fishing issues. So the United States, Britain, and Canada worked together to create the International Fisheries Commission, which worked to settle disputes. One very large problem had come between the two countries, and almost ruined relations between them, this was the Alaskan Boundary dispute. The two countries worked with Britain’s cooperation to come to an agreement by signing 8 treaties, which would h elp to â€Å"clean the slate† of long-standing quarrels.At the start of the World Wars, Canada and the US had joined forces in the defense of North America. The Canadian parliament and the US government worked together to create a joint board of defense, which would continue to grow and become useful even after the World Wars. When the wars were over, the economic boom allowed for Canada to pull itself out of a depression and allowed for closer ties to be created with the United States between the two economies. Canadians welcomed investment into Canada from the United States, which had grown immensely over the beginning of the 1900’s.It seemed that less and less British trade unions were located in Canada, but more and more US unions where popping up all around Canada. It was starting to look as though American firms were beginning to take control of the Canadian industry, but it seemed for the time being that Canadians were unconcerned with this economic control. Whi le many Canadians began to worry about the Americanization of Canada, they still had a strong ‘craving’ for reciprocal trade between the two. During the time when Canada was awarded an independent seat in the League of Nations they urged the Americans to also join.When the US rejected Canadian leaders were disappointed. The Canadians felt as though the overall positive relationship that was had with the US was a prime example to Europe of how they should get along with each other. Canadian delegates reshaped the League by using the relationship that they had with the United States, expressing that â€Å"the world could learn from, ‘three thousand miles of undefended frontier’ between the US and Canada,† (Thompsan/Randall pg 101). After the end of World War II, the United States had complications arise with the Soviet Union, which began the Cold War.Canada became an important player in the Cold War not necessarily by choice. Canada was located directl y between the two rivals of the Cold War, which made it very hard for Canada to stay neutral. Also, in 1945, Canadian public opinion was swayed against the Soviet Union when documents were defected proving a Soviet spy ring was in Canada. Shortly after this the two neighboring countries sign a plan for joint air defense known as the North American Air Defense Agreement (NORAD), which was later changed to North American Aerospace Defense Command.This combined the air defenses of the United States and Canada. The agreement brought the U. S. and Canada closer during the Cold War, because they relied on each other for detection of nuclear missiles. Even though the two countries quickly grew closer during World War II and the beginning of the Cold War their relations began to deteriorate around the time of the Vietnam War. The newly elected leaders of Canada did not feel that they could supply the support needed to the United States during the Vietnam War, and they openly expressed disag reement with American policies in Southeast Asia.Many Canadians demanded that American influence be significantly reduced. For about twenty years after the Vietnam War the relations between the two countries stay strained. It was obvious that the governments had different perceptions on international events. Finally, in the late 1980’s, Canada and the United States reached a tentative trade agreement that would change the economic relations between the two. After the agreement came into effect trade between the two grew dramatically. The United States was taking around 80% of Canada’s exports, and Canada was receiving 70% of imports from the United States.The agreement grew with the addition of Mexico in the 1990’s, which became known as the North American Free Trade Agreement, and trade between the U. S. and Canada remained high even to the present day. Now the economic relationship is known to be the largest in the world. The imports and exports between the co untries still remain extremely high. Canada still remains the largest market for U. S. exports. The economies have become so intertwined that many businesses have developed internal production chains that operate back and forth across the border.It has continuously been made obvious that the relationship between the United States and Canada has continued to grow. In 2011, the two countries released the ‘Beyond the Border’ agreement. This agreement basically deals with the security perimeter on both sides of the border. After 2001, the United States tightened its border, which made the bilateral trade relationship more difficult to maintain. The agreement allows for more participation with security forces between the U. S. and Canada, and creates trusted travel of manufacturers across the border.This agreement has opened up the possibilities in the future for the United States and Canada to work closer with each other in order to harmonize rules in agricultures, food, en ergy, and the environment. What The Future Holds In present years, Canada has expressed great excitement in maintaining a relationship between both the United States and Britain. Current Prime Minister Stephen Harper has stated that he looks forward to working with the United States, while keeping communication with Great Britain.One has to wonder how the relations between Canada, Great Britain and the United States will progress. Currently, Canada shows no signs of letting its relationship with Great Britain deteriorate. The Canadian people understand that their relationship with Britain is deeply rooted, and that they share common history and values. In late 2012, the two leading government officials of Canada and Great Britain came together and signed a ‘Memorandum of Understanding for Enhancing Mutual Support at Missions Abroad.The signatures promote the co-locations of embassies, joint provision of services, and common crisis response. It is explained that their partnersh ip on multiple global issues has caused the relationship between them to show an increase of strength. Canada still shows feelings of loyalty to the commonwealth, and is excited to maintain membership in it while making plans to work with Britain for future reform of the commonwealth. Canada could be considered the daughter of Great Britain who ended up marrying the United States.The relationship between the United States and Canada is also deeply rooted, and the two countries understand each other very well, because they share similar cultures, norms and values, and share an economic relationship like no other two countries in the world. Also, growing numbers of people move back and forth for education and work. Another obvious reason why the relationship seems to have no future of deterioration is the fact that the two share the worlds longest, unprotected border, and share security of the border.In years to come it seems that Canada will continue to work closely with the United S tates to build up its security alliance, and also reinforce the role as most trusted ally to the U. S. By doing this we would see a large focus on cooperation on trade issues, international policy and promotion of democratic norms. If this was to happen then we might see Canada address problems that they have with NAFTA, and strengthen their military relationship with the United States. Also, they might base their global relationship more on their relationship with the United States.Since the world is changing, Canada needs to protect itself and reduce the likelihood of failure. While the political powers and economy of the U. S shows signs of becoming weaker and less vigorous, Canada should create options as a backup plan. Growing countries such as China could benefit from creating an economic relationship with Canada. Realigning some of its assets and interests with new rising powers makes good economic sense. Prime Minister Harper has recently met with the Chinese president to cr eate an agreement that would better protect Canadian businesses that might want to capitalize on their growing economy.In the coming years, it is possible that we could see Canada take some of its economic focus away from the United States, and shift it to other parts of the world to become more involved in the international community. Many are unsure of what course Canada will take into the future. The international community is always growing, and Canada has made sure to keep itself involved within the community. The future seems to hold much success for Canada as a strong economic player, whether it is to continue a close relationship with the United States or branch out and create new relationships with other strengthening countries.Bibliography: -Canada’s World, Rising Powers: Future Directions, http://www. canadasworld. ca/learnmor/ninenewr/risingpo/futuredi. 2012 -Huffington Post, Beyond The Border: Deal to Bolster Security and Reduce Trade Barriers. http://www. huffin gtonpost. ca/2011/12/07/beyond-the-border-perimeter-security-canada_n_1134463. html. 2012 -Government of Canada, Canada and the United States: No Two Nations Closer, http://www. canadainternational. gc. ca/can-am/Closer-etroites. aspx? view=d. 2012 -Lain Munro, Canada And The World Wars, Wiley Publishers Toronto, 1979.Pgs 28-70. -Thompson, Randall. Canada and The United States, Georgia Press, 2008. Pgs 101-145. -Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada, Canada and the World: 1921-1939, http://www. international. gc. ca/history-histoire/world-monde/1921-1939. aspx? lang=eng&view=d 2011 -Peter Lyon, Britain and Canada: Survey of a Changing Relationship, London, England 1976. Pg. 141-150 – Philip Wigley, Canada and the transition to Commonwealth, Cambridge University Press, 1977. Pgs 1-20 -Andrew Porter, Britain’s Empire in 1815,